Embryo Implantation Process (Stages)
Embryo implantation is a critical process that occurs after embryo transfer in in-vitro fertilization (IVF). The process involves the movement of the embryo towards the endometrial lining of the uterus. After the embryo transfer, the embryo begins to move towards the endometrial tissue. The embryo attaches to the endometrial lining of the uterus. This process can begin 6-7 days after ovulation.
The process also involves the embryo penetrating deeper into the endometrial tissue to establish itself and begin developing. During implantation, the placenta begins to form, providing essential nutrients and oxygen to the embryo.
Symptoms of Pregnancy After Embryo Implantation
First Trimester
The first trimester of pregnancy is critical as the embryo begins rapid development. Common symptoms include:
- Nausea and Vomiting: Often referred to as “morning sickness,” it can happen at any time of the day.
- Fatigue: Increased hormones and changes in the body cause intense fatigue.
- Breast Sensitivity: The breasts may feel tender or sore due to hormonal changes.
- Frequent Urination: Hormonal changes increase blood flow to the kidneys, causing frequent urination.
Second Trimester
The second trimester is often more comfortable for many women. Symptoms include:
- Weight Gain: The baby begins to develop more quickly, causing weight gain.
- Well-being and Energy: Many women feel better and have more energy.
- Baby Movement: Baby movements become noticeable, usually from the 18th to the 20th week.
- Skin Changes: Stretch marks and other skin signs may appear due to the growing belly size.
Third Trimester
The third trimester is when the body prepares for childbirth. Symptoms include:
- Weight Gain and Belly Size Increase: The baby is growing rapidly, causing significant belly size increase.
- Pain and Discomfort: Back and pelvic pain are common due to the increased weight.
- Frequent Urination: Pressure from the uterus on the bladder causes frequent urination.
- Labor Preparation: Symptoms like Braxton Hicks contractions are common as the body prepares for childbirth.
Hormones During Pregnancy
Hormones play a crucial role during pregnancy. The main hormones involved include:
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)
hCG is secreted by the placenta and is responsible for maintaining the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone.
Progesterone: Produced by the corpus luteum and later by the placenta. Progesterone helps maintain the endometrium and prevents uterine contractions.
Estrogens
Also produced by the placenta, estrogens aid in the development of the embryo’s organs and prepare the breasts for lactation.
Relaxin
A hormone that helps relax the ligaments of the pelvis for childbirth.
Prolactin
Levels increase during pregnancy, preparing the breasts for milk production. Throughout pregnancy, these hormones work together to support embryo development and prepare a woman’s body for childbirth and lactation. Hormonal changes are also responsible for many pregnancy symptoms.
Understanding the process of egg implantation and the changes that occur in the body during pregnancy can help prospective mothers better prepare and handle any challenges that may arise.
For any questions or if you want to know more about the egg implantation process, contact our clinic!
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Process
Ovarian Stimulation
This is the first stage of IVF where hormonal medications are used to produce multiple eggs. Not all eggs collected are healthy or successfully fertilized. Patients are closely monitored with ultrasounds and blood tests to ensure appropriate egg development.
Egg Retrieval and Fertilization
Egg retrieval is done via a process known as oocyte pick-up, using ultrasounds and a fine needle inserted into the ovaries transvaginally. The eggs are collected and then fertilized with sperm from the partner or donor in the laboratory. Fertilization can be done through traditional IVF or ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection), where sperm is directly injected into the egg when needed.
Embryo Transfer
After fertilization, embryos are cultured in the lab for a few days (typically 3-5 days), and the most suitable embryos are selected for transfer to the woman’s uterus. Embryo transfer is a simple and painless procedure that rarely requires anesthesia. The embryos are placed in the uterus using a thin catheter.
Treatment Protocols
IVF treatment protocols may vary depending on individual patient needs. A gynecologist like M. Tsirigotis will choose the appropriate protocol based on factors such as age, AMH levels, the number of follicles visible on an ultrasound (AFC), health history, and previous response to treatments.
Short Protocol: Used primarily for women with a normal or high hormone response.
Long Protocol: Your period starts, count 21 days, and on the 21st day, come in for an ultrasound to confirm ovulation. If confirmed, you start using an agonist (Daronda) at a dose of 0.2 ml the same day at a consistent time in the morning (± ½ hour). More instructions will be provided.
After about a week of using Daronda, your period should start. Between the 4th-5th days, come in for an ultrasound and hormonal check. Confirm your appointment the day before by calling the Center.
If ovarian ultrasound and hormonal levels (E2, LH, P4) are good, you will start ovarian stimulation treatment with FSH or FSH+LH in the afternoon. The dosage is determined by us, following medical advice. FSH is administered subcutaneously as an injection in the evening between 6-10 pm. More instructions and demonstration on how to use will be provided.
Anti-estrogen protocols: Used to reduce the production of natural hormones before ovarian stimulation.
Psychological Aspects of IVF
IVF is an emotionally charged process that can cause stress, anxiety, and disappointment. It’s important for couples to have support from psychologists or support groups to deal with the emotional and psychological issues that may arise.
Success Rates
The success rates of IVF depend on many factors, primarily a woman’s age, the number of eggs and embryos, the cause of infertility, and the clinic’s experience. Success rates are generally higher for younger women and decrease with age. It’s important to get an updated estimate based on personal success probabilities.
2023 Success Rates
Reproduction after 40
Reproduction after the age of 40 is a common topic of discussion for women who wish to have children at a more mature age. Despite the challenges, advancements in reproductive medicine have significantly improved the chances of success. Surgeon-gynecologist Dr. Marinos Tsirigotis, specializing in reproductive medicine, approaches each case individually, employing the most advanced treatment methods.
Success rates for women over 40 are encouraging, particularly thanks to egg donation and other innovative techniques that are now available. Dr. Tsirigotis and his team design tailored therapeutic plans for every woman, focusing on optimizing pregnancy chances. The personalized protocols, combined with the team’s expertise, result in high success rates.
The support and scientific knowledge provided by Dr. Marinos Tsirigotis are also crucial factors contributing to achieving motherhood, even after the age of 40.
If you’re seeking specialized solutions, don’t hesitate to contact the gynecologist to receive the best possible services!
Under 35 years old
35 – 37 years old
38 – 39 years old
40 – 42 years old
Ask the expert
Ask for a second opinion from Dr Marinos Tsirigotis!
Frequently Asked Questions About Egg Implantation
Doctors recommend taking specific hormone treatments, eating right, and avoiding stress to support the endometrium and increase the chances of successful implantation.
A successful implantation can be diagnosed by blood tests (such as beta-HCG levels), which confirm the pregnancy approximately 10-14 days after the embryo transfer or conception.