What is Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT)?
Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) is an advanced genetic diagnosis procedure performed on embryos before they are implanted into the uterus. The aim of this procedure is to detect genetic abnormalities and ensure the birth of a healthy child. Preimplantation genetic testing is divided into three main categories, each focusing on different types of genetic issues.
Preimplantation Chromosomal Testing (PGT-A)
Preimplantation Chromosomal Testing (PGT-A) focuses on analyzing the number and structure of chromosomes in embryos. This procedure can identify abnormalities such as trisomy 21 (Down syndrome), trisomy 18, and other chromosomal disorders that may affect embryo development. The use of PGT-A can increase the success rates of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and reduce the risk of miscarriages and births of children with severe chromosomal abnormalities.
Preimplantation Monogenic Disease Testing (PGT-M)
Preimplantation Monogenic Disease Testing (PGT-M) is used to detect specific genetic mutations that cause monogenic diseases, such as cystic fibrosis, thalassemia, and Huntington’s disease. This form of PGT is particularly important for couples with a family history of genetic disorders or those known to carry specific genetic mutations. The use of PGT-M can prevent the birth of children with severe genetic diseases.
Preimplantation Testing for Inherited Chromosomal Abnormalities (PGT-SR)
Preimplantation Testing for Inherited Chromosomal Abnormalities (PGT-SR) focuses on detecting structural chromosomal abnormalities that may be inherited from parents. These abnormalities can include translocations, inversions, and other structural changes in chromosomes. The use of PGT-SR is particularly important for couples with a history of chromosomal abnormalities or recurrent miscarriages. The diagnosis and selection of embryos without these abnormalities can improve pregnancy success rates and reduce the risk of miscarriages.
To whom is Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) directed?
Preimplantation Genetic Testing is directed towards all couples facing fertility issues or with a history of genetic disorders. It is particularly recommended for:
- Couples with a history of recurrent miscarriages
- Couples with a family history of genetic disorders
- Couples with previous failed IVF attemptsCouples wishing to increase IVF success rates
- Women over the age of 35, where the risk of chromosomal abnormalities is increased
- Couples who are carriers of genetic mutations that may cause severe diseases in their children
The decision for preimplantation genetic testing is often made in collaboration with a doctor to ensure the appropriate approach and optimal care for each couple.
Preimplantation Genetic Testing Procedure
The preimplantation genetic testing procedure involves various stages, typically including:
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)
The woman’s eggs are collected and fertilized with the man’s sperm in the laboratory to create embryos.
Embryo Culture
Embryos develop in the laboratory for a few days, usually until the blastocyst stage.
Embryo Biopsy
Cells are collected for analysis of genetic abnormalities or specific genetic mutations depending on the type of PGT.
Embryo Selection
Healthy embryos without genetic abnormalities are selected for implantation into the woman’s uterus.
Embryo Transfer
One or more healthy embryos are transferred to the woman’s uterus to initiate pregnancy.
Success Rates of Preimplantation Genetic Testing
The success rates of preimplantation genetic testing vary depending on various factors, such as the woman’s age, embryo quality, and the cause of infertility.
In general, preimplantation genetic testing can increase the success rates of in vitro fertilization, reduce the risk of miscarriages, and ensure the birth of a healthy child.
According to studies, the pregnancy success rates after PGT range around 50-70%, depending on the aforementioned factors. The use of PGT-A has proven to be particularly effective for women over the age of 35, increasing pregnancy success rates and reducing chromosomal abnormalities. PGT-M and PGT-SR also have high success rates in preventing the birth of children with severe genetic disorders and chromosomal abnormalities respectively.
Preimplantation genetic testing is an important technology that can help many couples achieve the dream of having a healthy child. With appropriate medical care and support, the chances of success are significantly increased, offering hope and solutions to many couples facing fertility issues.
2023 Success Rates
Reproduction after 40
Reproduction after the age of 40 is a common topic of discussion for women who wish to have children at a more mature age. Despite the challenges, advancements in reproductive medicine have significantly improved the chances of success. Surgeon-gynecologist Dr. Marinos Tsirigotis, specializing in reproductive medicine, approaches each case individually, employing the most advanced treatment methods.
Success rates for women over 40 are encouraging, particularly thanks to egg donation and other innovative techniques that are now available. Dr. Tsirigotis and his team design tailored therapeutic plans for every woman, focusing on optimizing pregnancy chances. The personalized protocols, combined with the team’s expertise, result in high success rates.
The support and scientific knowledge provided by Dr. Marinos Tsirigotis are also crucial factors contributing to achieving motherhood, even after the age of 40.
If you’re seeking specialized solutions, don’t hesitate to contact the gynecologist to receive the best possible services!
Under 35 years old
35 – 37 years old
38 – 39 years old
40 – 42 years old
Ask the expert
Ask for a second opinion from Dr Marinos Tsirigotis!
Frequently Asked Questions About Preimplantation Genetic Testing
Preimplantation Genetic Testing offers many advantages, such as increasing the chance of pregnancy success, reducing the risk of miscarriage and avoiding hereditary diseases.
Side effects are rare and usually include mild discomfort or bleeding during the embryo biopsy procedure. It is important to consult your doctor for more details.